First of all, high-quality load-bearing materials are the foundation. The load-bearing structure of self-supporting aerial cable mostly uses materials such as high-strength steel wire or aramid fiber. High-strength steel wire has extremely high tensile strength and good toughness, and can withstand large tension; aramid fiber is light in weight and high in strength, and its strength is several times that of steel wire, and it has excellent corrosion resistance and anti-aging properties. The characteristics of these materials enable the load-bearing structure to effectively withstand external forces such as the weight of the optical cable itself, wind force, ice and snow loads when erected over a long span, ensuring that the optical cable will not break due to excessive force, thus laying the foundation for stable transmission.
Secondly, reasonable structural design enhances stability. Common self-supporting aerial cable load-bearing structures include single-strand and multi-strand twisted forms. The multi-strand twisted structure not only improves the overall tensile strength by twisting multiple steel wires or aramid fibers together, but also enhances the flexibility and torsion resistance of the structure. This structure can disperse stress and avoid damage caused by local stress concentration when facing complex external forces. At the same time, the layout design of the load-bearing structure and the optical cable core is also very critical. A reasonable layout can enable the load-bearing structure to better share external forces, protect the cable core from damage, and ensure the stable transmission of optical signals.
Furthermore, accurate mechanical analysis and calculation are indispensable. Before long-span erection, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the stress conditions under various working conditions. Through mechanical calculations, the minimum tensile strength, safety factor and other parameters required for the load-bearing structure are determined. Taking into account the differences in climatic conditions in different regions, such as strong winds, blizzards and other extreme weather, corresponding load simulation calculations must be performed to ensure that the load-bearing structure can remain stable even in the worst environment. In addition, it is also important to accurately calculate and control the sag of the optical cable. Appropriate sag can not only ensure that the optical cable has enough room for movement under various loads, but also avoid affecting the transmission performance due to excessive or too small sag.
Then, scientific erection technology ensures installation quality. In the process of long-span erection, strictly following the standardized erection process is an important link to ensure stable transmission. During installation, the tension should be controlled to avoid damage to the load-bearing structure and cable core due to excessive tension, and to prevent the optical cable from loosening due to too low tension. Appropriate installation tools and equipment, such as tension pay-off machines, can accurately control the tension and pay-off speed. In addition, when fixing the load-bearing structure, it is necessary to ensure that the connection is firm, select high-quality hardware and fasteners, and conduct strict installation quality inspections to prevent the stability of the optical cable from being affected by loose connections.
Next, perfect protective measures to extend the service life. In order to cope with long-term outdoor environments, effective protective measures need to be taken for load-bearing structures. Anti-corrosion treatments such as galvanizing and plastic coating of metal materials such as steel wire can prevent them from rusting and corrosion and extend their service life; for materials such as aramid fibers, special coatings are used to protect them from UV and weather resistance. At the same time, waterproof sealing materials are used to treat the connection between the load-bearing structure and other components to prevent moisture from invading and affecting the structural performance, thereby ensuring that the load-bearing structure always maintains a good working condition during the long-term use of long-span installation and ensuring the stable transmission of optical signals.
In addition, regular maintenance and inspection can detect problems in a timely manner. Even if the load-bearing structure is well designed and installed, problems such as wear and aging may occur during long-term use. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish a regular maintenance and inspection system. Through regular inspections, check whether the appearance of the load-bearing structure is damaged, whether the hardware connection is loose, etc.; use professional testing equipment, such as tension testers, optical fiber testers, etc., to test the mechanical properties of the load-bearing structure and the transmission performance of the optical cable. Once a problem is found, take timely repair or replacement measures to ensure that the self-supporting aerial cable always maintains stable transmission performance under long-span installation.
The load-bearing structure design of the self-supporting aerial cable effectively ensures stable transmission under long-span installation through the synergy of high-quality material selection, reasonable structural design, precise mechanical analysis, scientific installation technology, perfect protection measures, and regular maintenance and inspection, providing a solid guarantee for the reliable operation of the communication network.
